Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. However, if you dont trust your ear or you find simple sentence formations confusing. A gerund phrase consists of the gerund with its modifiers and complements. Students complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. Note that you will lose points if you ask for hints or clues.
Functions in a sentence because they act like nouns, gerunds can be used as the subject of a sentence, the subject complement of the linking verb be. We start with the subject, which has the form of a gerund, followed by a verb. Apabila gerund sebagai subject, maka gerund dapat berdiri sendiri atau berbentuk sebagai frase. These example sentences are all very similar, except that two of them use an infinitive and. Pdf this corpusbased study shows that the distinction between the gerund and the infinitive cannot be accounted for in terms of the. Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses. Then identify the function of each one subject, subject complement, noun complement, adjective complement, direct object, or object of preposition. Is the gerund subject or object in the sentence in an exercise. Scroll down the page for more examples and explanations of gerunds. Traveling with a friend made the trip to new york more. Help with the gerund is also used with cant to mean a reaction beyond the subject s control.
The following diagram describes what are gerunds and how they can be used. Examples of these combinations are he talks, not he talk and she has, not she have. The gerund and the toinfinitive as subject show all authors. Is the gerund in the following sentencesquestions used as a subject, object or as a complement. The ing form is commonly used to create nouns and verbs. Gerund as subject or object exercise 1 schoolmanager 20181124t17. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence.
An activity may also be expressed with a gerund or gerund clause, which can function as the subject or complement to the verb in the clause gerund. Fill in all the gaps, then press check to check your answers. In this structure the gerund is used as the object of the transitive verb. Jan 09, 2016 gerund as subject, object or complement try to think of a gerund as a noun in verb form. In sentences, gerunds and gerund phrases may be used anywhere nouns may be used. Gerund as subject or object exercise 1 english grammar. Gerundive phrase serving as the grammatical subject. Is the gerund subject or object in the sentence in the following 10 exercises. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary and. Although they are fundamentals of the language, there are still other important and determining aspects that one needs to.
After learning the basic fundamentals of subject verb agreement, read and understand these special rules and after some practice, forming correct sentences will be easy. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. Gerunds are sometimes confusing for students to both understand and use correctly. Gerund is subject gerund is object gerund is complement. Gerunds and infinitives can function b to compose a sonata would take months. Learning a foreign language is easier at a young age the use of the gerund as subject is more common. In english it has the properties of both verb and noun, such as being modifiable by an adverb and being able to take a direct object. Gerunds and infinitives apu writing center 6268156000 ext. The term ing form is often used in english to refer to the gerund specifically. Mar 24, 2016 in this video, you will hopefully have a better understanding of gerunds as subjects.
Subject reading subjects in english are nouns, so the word study is nominalized made into a noun by changing it into a gerund. Contrary to what others believe in, the english language goes beyond the basic subjectverb agreement. However, when it comes to grammar, they act as nouns. A gerund is a verb in ing form that is used as a noun. English esl gerunds worksheets most downloaded 74 results. The farlex grammar book english grammar parts of speech other parts of speech gerunds gerunds as objects of verbs gerunds as objects of verbs definition gerunds very frequently function as the direct objects of true verbs. Mar 28, 2015 the gerund can be the subject or object of the verb.
The gerund phrase the gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. Gerund and infinitive worksheet in this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. Free infinitive and gerund worksheets this is the infinitive and gerund section of busy teacher. Oct 07, 2014 the subject o f a sentence is usually a noun or a pronoun. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers andor objects. Make the verb agree with its subject, not with the word in between high levels of pollution cause damage to the respiratory tract the subject is levels, not pollution 2. Like nouns, gerunds can be the subject, object or complement of a sentence. A gerund is the ing form of a verb when it functions grammatically as a noun in a sentence. Defines key grammatical terms such as noun, verb, subject, object, and gerund.
Gerund hampir sama seperti bentuk dalam present participleving, perbedaan antara present participle adalah bahwa gerund merupakan kata benda sedangkan present participle adalah kata sifat. English esl gerunds worksheets most downloaded 3 results. This is a grammar diagnostic page with study links. It is true that the english language is a hard subject to study and understand. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. Ellesl students write captions for each image in this worksheet using gerunds as the subjects of the sentences.
Swimming is a good exercise here the ing form swimming acts as the subject of the verb is. The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms. Although the term might sound foreign, the gerund is a common part of speech that most of us use every day, whether we know it or not. A separate page deals with verbs that are followed by the gerund.
We will also learn about the causative use of have. For example, it can act as the subject of a sentence, as a direct object, or as the object of a preposition. Is the gerund in the following sentences used as a subject, object or as a complement. Exercise on gerund used as a subject english grammar. A gerund is primarily a noun and is used as a noun in a sentence as subject, object, and complement.
Gerund or infinitive exercise 2 answers 1 we arranged to meet under the station clock at half nine. The gerund has the force of a verb and a noun verbal noun whereas the present participle has the force of a verb and adjective verbal adjective. Subject and object illustration prereading questions have the students look at the cartoon. Verb patterns with gerunds and have english grammar. A gerund is a word that looks like a verb, but functions as a noun in the sentence. In this case, it can be used as the subject or complement of the sentence the structure is. Here the ing form swimming acts as the subject of the verb is. In this case, it can be used as the subject or object of the sentence. He feels that singing well is impossible without lengthy training. The gerund can be the subject or object of the verb. Gerund as subject, object or complement try to think of a gerund as a noun in verb form.
Gerunds are formed by using the ing form of the verb. Walking is the simple subject and the verb is links the subject to the subject complement good exercise, which refers to and describes the subject. You will find 4 worksheets on this topic as well as a very useful article with some suggestions on how to explain the difference between the two to your students. The gerund and the toinfinitive as subject article pdf available in journal of english linguistics 314. In this section, well look at some common verbs that take gerunds as their direct object to get a sense of how theyre used. Because a gerund is a noun, it can be a subject complement. When a gerund phrase functions as a subject, the ing verb form is expanded as a word group, for example. Use the hint button to get a free letter if an answer is giving you trouble.
Here, sarah is the subject complement of the sentence because it follows the linking verb was. Gerund as subject and object exercises pdf gerund as. When an action is the subject of a sentence, is it in gerund form. English esl gerund worksheets most downloaded 286 results. In pairs or small groups, students talk about the questions in the boxes, paying special attention to the verb pattern normally infiniti. Pdf the gerund and the toinfinitive as subject researchgate. The movies were ending without finishing the story. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. A list of common verbs which are followed by a gerund and an article to illustrarte some of the verbs in context. Swimming in the winter can boost your immune system. Subjectverb agreement most native english speakers know the standard verbsubject combinations by ear. Gerund serving as the direct object of the verb like. Here are some common ways to use gerunds in english. A gerund is a noun formed by taking a verb and adding the suffix ing.
Grammar worksheet gerunds used as objects complete the sentences below by using the ing gerund form of the verbs on the right. It is the subject and the gerund singing serves as the complement. The gerund and the toinfinitive as subject patrick j. The ing form is commonly used to create nouns and verbs when used as a noun, it is considered a gerund. This sentence follows the exact same pattern as the previous example, with a verb as the subject of the clause. Create your account, riskfree congratulations, you are eligible for the. However, in this case, the verb start is an infinitive instead of a gerund.
However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken english, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. However, there are some verbs that are more likely to take gerunds as objects than others. Here, well take an indepth look at gerunds and provide you with several examples of gerunds so youll feel comfortable using them in your writing, and so that you will be able to recognize them when you. Find a parking space is quite difficult in this area. This is an intermediate to advanced english learners lesson. But sometimes, toinfinitives and ing forms are also used as subjects. We start with the subject followed by a verb and an object, which has the form of a gerund, and another object. Gerunds and infinitives as subjects english grammar. This lesson aims to reduce some of that confusion by providing teachers with gerund activities and games.